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 Time Travel Possible?

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PostSubject: Time Travel Possible?   Time Travel Possible? - Page 2 EmptyTue Aug 21, 2007 12:19 pm

First topic message reminder :

A new concept for a time machine could possibly enable distant
future generations to travel into the past, research now suggests.


Unlike past ideas for time machines, this new concept does not require
exotic, theoretical forms of matter. Still, this new idea requires technology
far more advanced than anything existing today, and major questions remain as to
whether any time machine would ever prove stable enough to enable actual travel
back in time.


Time machine researchers often investigate gravity, which
essentially arises when matter bends space and time. Time travel research is
based on bending space-time so far that time lines actually turn back on
themselves to form a loop, technically known as a "closed time-like curve."


"We know that bending does happen all the time, but we want the bending
to be strong enough and to take a special form where the lines of time make
closed loops," said theoretical physicist Amos Ori at the Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology in Haifa. "We are trying to find out if it is possible
to manipulate space-time to develop in such a way."


Many scientists are
skeptical as to whether or not time travel is possible. For instance, time
machines often are thought to need an exotic form of matter with so-called
"negative energy density." Such exotic matter has bizarre properties, including
moving in the opposite direction of normal matter when pushed. Such matter could
theoretically exist, but if it did, it might be present only in quantities too
small for the construction of a time machine.


Ori's latest research
suggests time machines are possible without exotic matter, eliminating a barrier
to time travel. His work begins with a donut-shaped hole enveloped within a
sphere of normal matter.


"We're talking about these closed loops of
time, and the simplest kind of closed loops are circles, which is why we have
this ring-shaped hole," Ori explained.


Inside this donut-shaped vacuum,
space-time could get bent upon itself using focused gravitational fields to form
a closed time-like curve. To go back in time, a traveler would race around
inside the donut, going further back into the past with each lap.


"The
machine is space-time itself," Ori said. "If we were to create an area with a
warp like this in space that would enable time lines to close on themselves, it
might enable future generations to return to visit our time."


Ori
emphasized one significant limitation of this time machine—"it can't be used to
travel to a time before the time machine was constructed." His findings are
detailed in the Aug. 3 issue of the journal Physical Review D.


A number
of obstacles remain, however. The gravitational fields required to make such a
closed time-like curve would have to be very strong, "on the order of what you
might find close to a black hole," Ori told LiveScience. "We don't have any way
of creating such strong gravitational fields today, and we certainly have no way
of manipulating any such gravitational fields."


Even if time machines
were technically feasible, the gravitational fields involved need to be
manipulated in very specific, accurate ways, and Ori said his calculations
suggest any time machine could be very unstable, meaning "the tiniest deviations
might keep one from working. We need to explore the problem of stability of time
machines further."


Theoretical physicist Ken Olum of Tufts University in
Medford, Mass., who did not participate in this study, was skeptical concerning
how this new model claimed to sidestep prior theoretical objections to time
travel.


Still, Olum noted, "It's important if it's right—that there
really is some kind of loophole. So this should be scrutinized very closely."
The point of such work, he added, was to "expand the bounds of what's possible,
what kind of things we can have and what kinds of things we cannot have."
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PostSubject: Re: Time Travel Possible?   Time Travel Possible? - Page 2 EmptyWed Jan 30, 2008 1:45 pm

OK I found it...at the bottom of the artical I just posted.

Time travel to the future is clearly possible as it is in accordance with the laws of physics. Whether or not backward time travel is a possibility remains to be seen. Unfortunately for fans of time travel science fiction, most theories involving backward time travel only allow for time travel after the point at which the first time machine is created. Furthermore, the theories have holes in them that may never be resolved. For the time being, fans of time travel science fiction will have to content themselves with novels and with movies.
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PostSubject: Re: Time Travel Possible?   Time Travel Possible? - Page 2 EmptyWed Jan 30, 2008 2:11 pm

Good article Smile
I'm not a physicist at heart but I still was able to follow, you'll have to give me the site where you got this lil tasty Big Grin
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PostSubject: Re: Time Travel Possible?   Time Travel Possible? - Page 2 EmptyWed Jan 30, 2008 4:55 pm

I found it here.
http://hubpages.com/hub/Time_travel_theory
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PostSubject: Re: Time Travel Possible?   Time Travel Possible? - Page 2 EmptyTue Feb 05, 2008 8:06 am

http://www.straightdope.com/columns/070511.html

Dear Cecil:

I read recently that "time . . . passes more quickly when gravity is reduced." Assuming gravity is reduced at higher altitudes, that means time goes by faster in Santa Fe than in Poughkeepsie. What's up with that? — Chris in SF, NM

Cecil replies:

You heard right, Chris. But unless you're way more anal than anybody I want living in my reference frame, you won't have to reset your watch. Due to the "warpage of time," clocks run slower in Poughkeepsie than Santa Fe by about a millisecond. Per century. (Get friendly with a black hole and it's another story — gravitational time dilation approaches infinity as you near the event horizon. However, notwithstanding sporadic distortions of space-time due to Taos, Los Alamos, Roswell, etc, we'll assume that's not a problem for you in New Mexico.) Time dilation affects not just ordinary clocks but any measure of time, including how long it takes to say "one Mississippi, two Mississippi." So you'll never notice anything odd about SF time, only about that of people living under different gravity conditions, e.g., Poughkeepsie, Hoboken, or other low burgs.

The effect was first hypothesized by Albert Einstein in 1907 as a consequence of his "happiest thought," the equivalence principle, which says gravity is locally indistinguishable from acceleration. Think of an elevator — as it accelerates you upward, you're squashed to the floor, which feels like an increase in gravity. That's no trick of the senses, says Einstein. Experiments performed over short range and brief time can't differentiate between acceleration and gravity. Originally just a cool idea, the EP and its consequences, including gravitational time dilation, have since been thoroughly confirmed.

It's probably not obvious to you why the EP results in time dilation, and I'll admit steam was rising off the diodes by the time I got the whole thing processed. But let's give it a shot:

1. Imagine you're in a spaceship far from any source of gravity. The ship is moving in a straight line at constant speed, so you float in the center of the cabin. Now imagine your idiot brother at the controls unexpectedly turns on the rocket booster, accelerating the ship. The rapidly approaching back wall is now indistinguishable from a floor you're falling toward under gravity.

2. Now consider a light source on this "floor" that emits a photon (light particle) of a certain frequency. Because the speed of light is finite, it takes time (albeit very little) to make the trip to the "ceiling." By that time, the light receiver, along with the rest of the ship, has slightly increased its speed due to the ship's acceleration. The ceiling receiver (at the moment of reception) is always moving a bit faster than the floor emitter was (at the time of emission), even though the distance between them never changes. This invokes the Doppler effect, more familiar to us in sonic form: because of the aforesaid speed difference, the receiver will record the photon's frequency on arrival as slightly lower than it was on departure from the emitter.

3. Frequency, whether of clock ticks, pendulum swings, or photon pulsations, is a basic measure of time — a second officially is the time it takes for certain photons emitted by cesium-133 atoms to vibrate 9,192,631,770 times. If you and I measure the frequency of a given photon differently, we'll measure the flow of time differently too. So if I'm on the ceiling when the photon arrives, I time its vibrations and say, woo, that pup is slow. Meanwhile, an observer on the floor will say, nah, your stopwatch is fast.

4. Likewise, since the EP tells us acceleration = gravity, and gravity decreases with elevation above sea level (the "floor"), you in your mountain fastness will say sea-level time runs slow, while I in my shoreline cabana will say mountain time runs fast.

Anyway, that's the theory. Does it really work that way? You bet. Einstein used general relativity (which is bound up with gravitational time dilation) to explain a known oddity in Mercury's orbit. More recent experiments involved atomic clocks on jet flights. Here both gravity- and speed-dependent special relativity effects must be taken into account. After a westward around-the-world jet flight, flying clocks gained 273 nanoseconds, of which about two-thirds was gravitational.

Mere nanoseconds, you say — who gives a flying clock? You do, if you use the global positioning system. Because of their altitude, the clocks on GPS satellites run about 30 nanoseconds fast per minute due to gravitational effects. Since the system works by timing light signals and the distances involved are great, an uncorrected time error would mean a distance error growing at about 9.5 meters per minute. You may think it's amazing you can hike in the Sangre de Cristos with a $300 GPS receiver that tells you exactly where you are. What's more amazing is that the geniuses who designed it needed a rough knowledge of general relativity to get it to work.

—CECIL ADAMS
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